https://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/issue/feedUniglobal Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities2025-03-18T16:21:47+00:00Dr. Muhamad Firdaus Ramliceuniglobaljssh1@gmail.comOpen Journal Systems<p><strong>Uniglobal Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (UJSSH) [eISSN 2948-4162]</strong> is an international research journal devoted to the publication of original papers. It is open access, peer-reviewed publication with a global reach. The journal aims to provide an international forum for the presentation of original fundamental research, interpretative reviews, and discussion of new developments in the area of social sciences and humanities. It also provides a venue for top-tier researchers, practitioners, and postgraduate students to showcase ongoing research and progress in these fields.</p>https://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/164Exploring the Impact of Teachers’ Intrinsic Motivation on Innovative Teaching Practices: The Mediating Role of Teacher Engagement in Beijing Colleges and Universities 2025-01-01T16:15:17+00:00Sen Chen10755441@qq.comNurul Sahadila Abd Ranisahadila.abdrani@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">The rapid development of technology and globalization has created an urgent need for educational institutions to adopt innovative teaching practices that promote critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving. In the context of higher education in Beijing, this study examines how intrinsic motivation influences teachers' adoption of innovative teaching practices, with teacher engagement serving as a mediating factor. Using a quantitative research approach, data were collected from a sample of 500 teachers in 20 colleges and universities in Beijing, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the relationships among intrinsic motivation, teacher engagement, and innovative practices. The results reveal that intrinsic motivation has a significant positive effect on innovative teaching practices, both directly and indirectly through teacher engagement. This finding underscores the importance of fostering teacher engagement alongside intrinsic motivation to maximize innovation in teaching. By highlighting the mediating role of engagement, this study contributes valuable insights for educational policy and management practices aimed at enhancing instructional quality in Chinese higher education.</p>2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Sen Chen, Nurul Sahadila Abd Ranihttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/165Examining the Impact of Transformational Leadership and Team Collaboration on Team Innovation within Software Companies in Shenzhen City2025-01-01T16:30:16+00:00Zhiqiang Huang89625386@qq.comNor Saidi Mohamed Nasirdr.norsaidi@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">In the fast-paced and competitive landscape of Shenzhen's software industry, innovation is vital for sustaining growth and maintaining a competitive edge. This study aims to examine the influence of transformational leadership and team collaboration on enhancing team innovation within software companies in Shenzhen. A quantitative research approach was employed, using survey data collected from 400 employees across various software firms, and analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings reveal that transformational leadership has a significant positive impact on team innovation, both directly and indirectly through team collaboration. Additionally, team collaboration was found to be a key driver of innovation, highlighting its central role in facilitating the sharing of diverse ideas and joint problem-solving. The study contributes to the literature by providing empirical insights from China's tech industry, demonstrating the critical importance of leadership and collaborative team dynamics in fostering innovation. These findings offer valuable guidance for industry practitioners seeking to boost innovative performance through effective leadership practices and team collaboration strategies.</p>2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Zhiqiang Huang, Nor Saidi Mohamed Nasirhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/166Exploring the Role of Organizational Change and Commitment in Shaping Employee Performance: Evidence from Fifteen Supermarkets in Huangpu, Shanghai2025-01-01T16:41:00+00:00XueLi Jiaxueli123321@163.comNor Saidi Mohamed Nasirdr.norsaidi@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">In the dynamic retail environment of Huangpu district, Shanghai, large supermarkets face increasing pressure to implement organizational changes to maintain competitiveness and meet evolving consumer demands. This study aims to investigate the influence of organizational change and organizational commitment on employee performance within this context. Utilizing a quantitative research design, data were collected from a sample of 350 employees across fifteen large supermarkets and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings reveal significant positive effects of organizational change on both employee performance and organizational commitment, with organizational commitment acting as a key mediator that amplifies the impact of change initiatives on performance outcomes. The study underscores the importance of strategic change management and fostering strong organizational commitment to drive enhanced employee productivity. These insights offer valuable guidance for retail managers in effectively managing change processes and building a committed workforce, contributing to the broader understanding of employee performance dynamics in the retail industry.</p>2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 XueLi Jia, Nor Saidi Mohamed Nasirhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/167The influence of Talent Management and Organizational Culture on Educational Employee Performance in Xi’an Private Colleges and Universities2025-01-01T16:51:16+00:00Linxiang Liang25355194@qq.comNurul Sahadila Abd Ranisahadila.abdrani@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">In response to the rapid growth and competitive pressures faced by private colleges and universities in Xi’an, China, this study examines the critical roles of talent management and organizational culture in enhancing educational employee performance. The primary objective is to assess how talent management practices and organizational culture impact employee performance, and to explore the mediating role of organizational culture in this relationship. Using a quantitative research design, data were collected from a sample of 540 educators across Xi’an’s private institutions, with structural equation modeling (SEM) applied to analyze the relationships among the variables. The findings indicate that both talent management and organizational culture have significant, positive effects on employee performance, with organizational culture serving as a crucial mediator that amplifies the influence of talent management on performance outcomes. This study contributes to the field by providing empirical evidence specific to the unique context of Xi’an’s private higher education sector, highlighting the need for an integrated approach to talent management and cultural development to drive employee engagement and institutional success.</p>2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Linxiang Liang, Nurul Sahadila Abd Ranihttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/168Collaborative Leadership and Teacher Autonomy: Drivers of School Improvement in Zhengzhou’s Vocational High Schools2025-01-01T17:08:17+00:00Hongzhuo Lin245149403@qq.comMazni Mohammaddr.mazni@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">As vocational high schools in Zhengzhou, China, face increasing pressure to meet local industry demands for skilled workers, enhancing school performance has become a critical goal. Collaborative leadership and teacher autonomy have been identified as key factors that could drive improvements in these schools. This study aims to investigate the influence of collaborative leadership and teacher autonomy on school improvement in Zhengzhou's vocational high schools, specifically examining how these factors interact and contribute to educational outcomes. Using a quantitative research approach, data were collected from a representative sample of 360 teachers across 25 vocational high schools in Zhengzhou, with analysis conducted through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to assess both direct and indirect relationships between variables. Findings indicate that collaborative leadership has a strong positive impact on school improvement, both directly and indirectly, through its effect on teacher autonomy. Teacher autonomy was also shown to have a significant positive effect on school performance, highlighting its role as a mediator in the relationship between collaborative leadership and school improvement. This study contributes to the understanding of leadership and autonomy in vocational education, suggesting that policies promoting collaborative leadership and teacher empowerment could enhance the effectiveness of vocational schools in Zhengzhou and similar urban contexts in China.</p>2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Hongzhuo Lin, Mazni Mohammadhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/169Exploring the Impact of Work-Life Balance and Job Satisfaction on the Performance of Novice High School Teachers in Shenzhen City, China2025-01-01T17:18:11+00:00Xiaoyu Liuliuxiaoyu4788@163.comMohd Yusof Abdullahmyabdullah@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">In recent years, work-life balance and job satisfaction have become critical factors in educational research, concerning their impact on teacher performance. Novice high school teachers in Shenzhen, China, face significant stress and work demands, making it essential to understand how these factors influence their effectiveness. This study aims to examine the effects of work-life balance and job satisfaction on the performance of novice teachers in Shenzhen high schools and to identify whether job satisfaction acts as a mediating variable in this relationship. Using a quantitative research approach, data were collected from a sample of 400 teachers through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) path analysis. The findings reveal that work-life balance has a significant positive impact on teacher performance, both directly and indirectly through job satisfaction, with job satisfaction serving as an essential mediator in this relationship. These results highlight the importance of fostering work-life balance to enhance teacher satisfaction and effectiveness, particularly in high-pressure educational settings. This study contributes to the literature by providing localized insights into the factors that influence novice teachers’ performance in urban China and offers practical recommendations for educational administrators to support teacher retention and improve student outcomes.</p>2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Xiaoyu Liu, Mohd Yusof Abdullahhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/170The Impact of Professional Development, Employee Engagement on Teaching Performance among University Teachers in Shanghai city, China2025-01-01T17:26:23+00:00Lili Pan694084436@qq.comNurul Sahadila Abd Ranisahadila.abdrani@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">In the rapidly evolving higher education sector, particularly in competitive academic environments like Shanghai, China, enhancing teaching performance has become a key priority for universities striving to meet global standards. Professional development (PD) and employee engagement are recognized as critical factors that can significantly influence teaching quality, yet their combined impact on university teachers in Shanghai has not been thoroughly examined. This study aims to investigate how PD and employee engagement contribute to teaching performance among university faculty in Shanghai, with a focus on understanding the mediating role of engagement in this relationship. Using a quantitative research design, data was collected from a sample of 550 university teachers across 23 higher education institutions in Shanghai and analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) path analysis. The findings reveal that both PD and employee engagement have a significant positive impact on teaching performance, with engagement showing a slightly stronger direct effect. Additionally, employee engagement mediates the relationship between PD and teaching performance, suggesting that PD not only enhances teachers' skills but also increases their commitment, which further boosts their effectiveness in the classroom. This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the synergistic effects of PD and engagement on teaching performance, providing evidence-based insights for university administrators and policymakers aiming to foster high-quality teaching environments.</p>2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Lili Pan, Nurul Sahadila Abd Ranihttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/171Empowering Leadership and Psychological Capital: Drivers of Teachers’ Innovative Behavior among International School Teachers in Beijing City2025-01-01T17:36:47+00:00Yan Su153866883@qq.comNurul Sahadila Abd Ranisahadila.abdrani@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">In the context of globalization and technological advancements, educational institutions face increasing pressure to foster innovation, with teachers' innovative behavior becoming crucial for effective learning environments. This is particularly significant in international schools in Beijing, where teachers navigate multicultural and multilingual classrooms. This study aims to examine the influence of empowering leadership and psychological capital on teachers’ innovative behavior in this unique educational setting. Using a quantitative research approach, data were collected from 500 teachers in international schools across Beijing and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to assess both direct and mediated relationships among the variables. The findings reveal that empowering leadership has a significant positive effect on teachers' innovative behavior, both directly and indirectly through psychological capital. These results suggest that psychological capital acts as a mediator, amplifying the impact of empowering leadership on innovation. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on how empowering leadership and psychological capital together foster a supportive, innovative teaching culture in cross-cultural educational environments, offering practical insights for school administrators in international settings.</p>2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Yan Su, Nurul Sahadila Abd Ranihttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/172Exploring the Role of Corporate Social Responsibility and Customer Satisfaction in Fostering Brand Loyalty in Beijing Tourism Service Industry2025-01-01T17:46:42+00:00Yu Zhou346711497@qq.comNor Saidi Mohamed Nasirdr.norsaidi@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">The rapid expansion of Beijing’s tourism industry has intensified competition, prompting companies to adopt Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a strategic tool to enhance customer satisfaction and foster brand loyalty. This study aims to examine the influence of CSR on customer satisfaction and brand loyalty in Beijing’s tourism service sector, while also exploring the mediating role of customer satisfaction. A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing structured surveys to gather data from customers of major tourism companies, followed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis to evaluate the relationships among the variables. The findings indicate that CSR has a significant positive effect on both customer satisfaction and brand loyalty, with customer satisfaction mediating the relationship between CSR and brand loyalty. These results underscore the importance of integrating CSR into core business strategies to enhance customer experiences and build a loyal customer base. The study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the dual role of CSR in shaping consumer perceptions and behavior in the context of Beijing’s tourism market.</p>2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Yu Zhou, Nor Saidi Mohamed Nasirhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/173The Role of Transformational Leadership and Innovation Culture in Enhancing Innovation Performance in Polytechnic University of Beijing City, China2025-01-01T17:55:07+00:00Xiaoqing Zhang51363738@qq.comMazni Mohammaddr.mazni@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">The increasing demand for innovation in higher education, particularly in rapidly developing economies like China, underscores the need to understand how organizational factors influence innovation performance. This study explores the impact of transformational leadership and innovation culture on innovation performance at the Polytechnic University of Beijing City, China. Using a quantitative research method, data were collected from 400 teachers across 14 polytechnic universities in Beijing through a structured questionnaire. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the relationships among transformational leadership, innovation culture, and innovation performance. The results reveal that transformational leadership has a significant positive effect on innovation performance, both directly and indirectly through the mediation of innovation culture. The findings indicate that transformational leaders enhance innovation performance by fostering a supportive culture that encourages creativity, risk-taking, and continuous improvement. This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the critical role of leadership and culture in driving innovation within Chinese higher education institutions and offers insights for policymakers aiming to boost innovation outcomes through targeted leadership development and cultural initiatives.</p>2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Xiaoqing Zhang, Mazni Mohammadhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/174Emotional Intelligence and Knowledge Sharing as Predictors of Employee Performance in the Commercial Banks of Guangdong province, China2025-01-03T03:18:13+00:00An Zhang252673125@qq.comNor Saidi Mohamed Nasirdr.norsaidi@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">In the competitive and rapidly evolving banking sector of Guangdong Province, China, employee performance is a critical determinant of organizational success. This study aims to explore the influence of emotional intelligence and knowledge sharing on employee performance in commercial banks, addressing a gap in understanding these factors' impact within this context. Employing a quantitative research design, data were collected from 400 employees across 20 commercial banks and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings reveal that both emotional intelligence and knowledge sharing significantly and positively affect employee performance, with knowledge sharing also serving as a mediator in this relationship. The results suggest that emotional intelligence enhances employees' ability to engage in knowledge sharing, which in turn boosts employee performance. This study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the dual impact of emotional intelligence on performance, both directly and indirectly through knowledge sharing, and offers practical insights for bank managers to implement targeted training programs that integrate emotional intelligence development and knowledge-sharing initiatives for improved workforce productivity.</p>2025-01-03T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 An Zhang, Nor Saidi Mohamed Nasirhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/175Examining the Impact of Organizational Justice and Identity on Teaching Effectiveness in Guangzhou’s Vocational-Technical High Schools2025-01-03T03:42:28+00:00Ling Wangsophie6281218@163.comMazni Mohammaddr.mazni@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">In the context of Guangzhou, China, vocational-technical high schools play a crucial role in meeting the demand for skilled labor, essential for the region’s industrial growth. Teaching effectiveness in these schools, however, can be influenced by organizational factors such as perceived fairness (organizational justice) and teachers’ sense of belonging (organizational identity). This study aims to investigate the influence of organizational justice and organizational identity on teaching effectiveness within vocational-technical high schools in Guangzhou. Using a quantitative research approach, data was collected from a random sample of 380 teachers and analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to explore the direct and indirect relationships among the variables. The findings reveal that organizational justice has a significant direct impact on teaching effectiveness and also indirectly enhances teaching effectiveness through its positive influence on organizational identity. The results underscore that both fairness and a strong organizational identity are essential for creating an environment that supports effective teaching. This research contributes to the understanding of how organizational factors impact teaching quality in vocational education, offering insights for school administrators to develop strategies that promote both teacher satisfaction and improved student outcomes.</p>2025-01-03T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Ling Wang, Mazni Mohammadhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/176The Role of Inclusive Leadership and Organizational Learning Capacity in Enhancing Employees’ Innovation Performance in the Manufacturing Industry of Guangzhou City, China2025-01-03T04:09:28+00:00Jinyao Wang6044793@qq.comNadiah Ishaknadiah_ishak@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">The manufacturing industry in Guangzhou, China, faces increasing pressure to enhance innovation capabilities in response to rapid technological advancements and intense global competition. This study aims to examine the impact of inclusive leadership on employees' innovation performance, focusing on the mediating role of organizational learning capacity. Using a quantitative research approach and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) for data analysis, the study collected data from 400 employees in Guangzhou’s manufacturing sector. The findings indicate that inclusive leadership has a significant positive effect on employees' innovation performance, both directly and indirectly through organizational learning capacity. The results highlight the importance of inclusive leadership practices in fostering a supportive and psychologically safe environment that promotes knowledge sharing and creative problem-solving. The study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the critical role of inclusive leadership and organizational learning in driving innovation, offering practical implications for managers seeking to boost organizational adaptability and long-term competitiveness in dynamic industrial contexts.</p>2025-01-03T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Jinyao Wang, Nadiah Ishakhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/177Exploring the Relationship Between Flexible Work Arrangements, Employee Engagement, and Innovative Work Behavior in Shenzhen’s IT Information Technology Industry2025-01-03T04:22:44+00:00Jun Tangtangjun0529@126.comNadiah Ishaknadiah_ishak@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">The rapid growth of the Information Technology (IT) industry in Shenzhen, China, has intensified the need for continuous innovation to maintain competitive advantage. Flexible work arrangements and employee engagement have emerged as potential drivers of innovative work behavior, especially in high-demand sectors like IT. This study aims to explore the combined impact of FWAs and employee engagement on IWB within Shenzhen’s IT industry, with a focus on understanding how employee engagement mediates the relationship between flexible work options and innovation. Using a quantitative research design, data were collected from 400 IT professionals in Shenzhen through a structured questionnaire, and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings indicate that FWAs have a direct positive effect on IWB, while also indirectly fostering innovation by enhancing employee engagement. Additionally, the mediation analysis reveals that employee engagement significantly amplifies the impact of FWAs on innovative work behavior. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the dual pathway through which FWAs influence innovation, suggesting that companies can enhance their innovative capabilities by implementing flexible work policies that also prioritize employee engagement. These insights are valuable for HR practices and management strategies in the IT sector, highlighting the strategic benefits of fostering both flexibility and engagement to drive innovation.</p>2025-01-03T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Jun Tang, Nadiah Ishakhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/178Work-Life Balance and Employee Well-Being: Their Role in Enhancing Employee Performance in Shanghai Start-Ups2025-01-03T07:34:17+00:00Xiaoli Sun529483804@qq.comNadiah Ishaknadiah_ishak@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">In recent years, work-life balance and employee well-being have become critical considerations for employee performance, especially in fast-paced start-ups where the pressure to meet ambitious goals often conflicts with maintaining a balanced lifestyle. In Shanghai, a hub for innovation and entrepreneurship in China, these issues are particularly pronounced due to the demanding start-up environment and high-stress levels faced by employees. This study aims to examine the influence of work-life balance and employee well-being on employee performance within Shanghai’s start-up sector, addressing a gap in literature specific to this unique cultural and economic context. A quantitative research method was employed, gathering data from 400 start-up employees in Shanghai through a structured questionnaire and analyzing it using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings reveal that work-life balance has a positive and statistically significant impact on both employee well-being and performance, and that employee well-being mediates the relationship between work-life balance and performance. These results highlight the importance of fostering a balanced work environment in Shanghai’s high-stress start-up ecosystem. This study contributes to the field by providing insights into how start-ups can enhance employee performance through policies that support both work-life balance and well-being, which are essential for sustainable productivity and innovation in a competitive market.</p>2025-01-03T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Xiaoli Sun, Nadiah Ishakhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/179Exploring the Entrepreneurial Ecosystem: The Role of Government Policy and Venture Capital in Start-Up Success in China2025-01-27T15:51:50+00:00Qinghua Liuliuqinghua831008@163.comMazni Mohammaddr.mazni@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">This study explores the influence of government policy and venture capital on the success of start-ups in China's dynamic entrepreneurial ecosystem. Adopting a quantitative approach, the research analyzes data collected through structured surveys administered to start-up founders, venture capitalists, and policymakers. The findings reveal that government policies such as subsidies, tax incentives, and regulatory support play a crucial role in creating an enabling environment for entrepreneurial ventures. Simultaneously, venture capital significantly contributes through funding, strategic guidance, and network access, fostering scalability and innovation. The study highlights the complementary nature of these factors, emphasizing that while government interventions address structural challenges, venture capital drives firm-level growth. However, regional disparities and sector-specific needs indicate the necessity for tailored approaches to maximize the impact of these interventions. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers, investors, and entrepreneurs to refine strategies and foster a balanced and inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystem. In addition to examining the immediate impact of these factors, the study identifies areas for future research, including longitudinal analyses, sector-specific dynamics, and the role of regional disparities. These insights contribute to the broader discourse on enhancing start-up ecosystems and offer practical recommendations for fostering innovation-driven growth in emerging markets like China.</p>2025-01-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Qinghua Liu, Mazni Mohammadhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/180From Start-Up to Scale-Up: Organizational Growth Challenges in Tech-Start-Ups in China2025-01-27T16:09:42+00:00Yifan Gong8892034@qq.comMohd Yusof Abdullahmyabdullah@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">This study explores the growth challenges and strategies of tech start-ups in China transitioning from start-up to scale-up. The research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing a survey of 250 participants representing various sectors such as e-commerce, fintech, software development, and artificial intelligence. The findings reveal that operational inefficiencies, difficulties maintaining product quality, talent acquisition and retention, financial constraints, and regulatory compliance are among the most significant challenges faced by scaling tech start-ups. Notably, 70% of respondents highlighted operational processes as a significant hurdle, followed by 75% citing talent recruitment issues. Strategies such as leadership development, strategic partnerships, competitive compensation packages, and adopting scalable technology solutions were employed to overcome these challenges. The data demonstrated that 80% of companies saw noticeable improvements through leadership training, while strategic partnerships and scalable technology solutions were effective for 70% and 68% of respondents, respectively. However, despite employer branding efforts, only 65% successfully attracted talent, with 20% finding retention problematic. These findings underscore the complex scaling landscape in the tech industry, revealing critical insights into the strategies that can enhance growth and operational efficiency. This study contributes to the literature by emphasizing the importance of integrated strategic approaches for overcoming scaling challenges. It offers practical implications for tech start-ups seeking sustainable growth in the competitive Chinese market.</p>2025-01-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Yifan Gong, Mohd Yusof Abdullahhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/181Examining the Impact of Socioeconomic Disparities on Educational Outcomes in China: A Longitudinal Study2025-01-27T16:29:51+00:00Tong Lilitong@126.comMazni Mohammaddr.mazni@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">This study investigates the impact of socioeconomic disparities on educational outcomes in China through a longitudinal quantitative approach. The research focuses on how various factors, including parental income, parental education, urban-rural status, regional economic conditions, school funding, and parental involvement, contribute to students’ academic achievements. Using data from nationally representative surveys and school records, the study identifies significant correlations and interactions between these socioeconomic variables and educational performance. The findings indicate that higher parental income and education levels are associated with better academic outcomes, while urban students outperform their rural peers due to disparities in school resources and regional development. Additionally, the combined influence of parental income and education showed a strong effect on student achievement. The negative impact of migration on the academic performance of left-behind children was also highlighted, suggesting that these students face unique educational challenges. The study underscores the need for targeted policies and interventions that aim to reduce the impact of socioeconomic factors, such as increased school funding, community-based parental support programs, and strategies to aid children affected by parental migration. This research contributes to the understanding of how socioeconomic disparities shape educational opportunities and outcomes, providing a foundation for future policy initiatives and research that promote educational equity in China.</p>2025-01-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Tong Li, Mazni Mohammadhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/182Bridging the Achievement Gap in China: Exploring Effective Strategies for Supporting Marginalized Student Populations2025-01-28T17:31:24+00:00Jianhua Qi1057751885@qq.comMazni Mohammaddr.mazni@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">This study investigates the achievement gap among marginalized student populations in China, focusing on rural, low-income urban, and ethnic minority students. Utilizing a mixed methods approach with a strong quantitative component; the research aims to identify disparities in educational access and analyze the effectiveness of support strategies. Findings reveal significant differences in access to digital learning tools and educational resources, with rural students facing the most substantial barriers. Participation in after-school tutoring and mentorship programs was notably lower among rural students compared to urban and ethnic minority peers. The study highlights the positive correlation between access to educational support programs and academic achievement, indicating that targeted interventions can significantly enhance outcomes. The research underscores the importance of tailored and culturally competent educational initiatives to address these inequities. Policy recommendations include increased funding for digital infrastructure, expanded access to educational resources, and the development of inclusive mentorship and tutoring programs. By fostering equitable educational opportunities, China can work toward closing the achievement gap and promoting equal academic opportunities for all students, regardless of geographic location or socioeconomic background. This study contributes to the broader understanding of educational inequality and provides a foundation for future research focused on long-term impacts and effective intervention strategies to support marginalized students.</p>2025-01-28T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Jianhua Qi, Mazni Mohammadhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/183The Role of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy in Enhancing Educational Equity for Minority Students in China2025-01-29T13:32:16+00:00Jinrui He642883789@qq.comMohd Yusof Abdullahmyabdullah@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">This study investigates the role of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy (CRP) in enhancing educational equity for minority students in China, focusing on its impact on academic achievement and cultural competence. Employing a quantitative research design, data were collected from 400 minority students and 100 teachers in regions with significant minority populations, such as Xinjiang, Yunnan, and Inner Mongolia. Using surveys and academic records, the study analyzed the implementation of CRP, student outcomes, and teacher perspectives. The findings reveal that CRP positively influences academic performance and fosters cultural competence among minority students. Students exposed to culturally responsive teaching practices reported higher standardized test scores and greater cultural pride and identity affirmation. Rural students demonstrated slightly greater academic gains from CRP than their urban counterparts. Teachers trained in CRP were more likely to implement inclusive practices, emphasizing the importance of professional development. However, only 40% of teachers reported receiving such training, indicating a gap in systemic support. Minority teachers also emerged as significant contributors to enhancing students’ cultural competence. This study underscores the transformative potential of CRP in addressing educational disparities for minority students in China. It calls for comprehensive strategies involving teacher training, curriculum reform, and policy support to scale CRP effectively. The findings contribute to the global discourse on multicultural education, offering insights into the application of CRP in non-Western contexts.</p>2025-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Jinrui He, Mohd Yusof Abdullahhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/184Intersectionality and Educational Inequality in China: Understanding the Effects of Race, Gender, and Class on Student Success2025-01-29T13:56:33+00:00Zezhao Li361410368@qq.comMazni Mohammaddr.mazni@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">This study examines the effects of race, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES) on educational inequality in China using a quantitative approach. The analysis aimed to understand how these intersecting factors contribute to disparities in academic performance, educational aspirations, and school attendance. Findings indicate that lower SES is a strong predictor of educational challenges, with students from economically disadvantaged backgrounds experiencing limited access to resources and opportunities. Race and ethnicity also play a significant role, particularly for ethnic minority students who face additional barriers such as cultural bias and fewer support systems. Gender disparities were observed, with female students in rural and low-SES areas experiencing higher dropout rates and lower academic achievements due to traditional gender expectations and social norms. Control variables such as region, school quality, and parental involvement were found to moderate these relationships, highlighting the importance of targeted interventions. The study suggests that addressing educational inequality requires comprehensive policy measures, including financial support for low-income families, improvements to school infrastructure, gender-focused initiatives, and programs that encourage parental engagement. The results contribute valuable insights for policymakers and educators seeking to create a more inclusive and equitable education system in China.</p>2025-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Zezhao Li, Mazni Mohammadhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/185Exploring the Influence of School Discipline Policies on Racial Disparities in Educational Attainment in China2025-01-29T14:41:42+00:00Zhengjie Li819734031@qq.comNor Saidi Mohamed Nasirdr.norsaidi@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">This study investigates the influence of school discipline policies on racial disparities in educational attainment among students in China, with a specific focus on ethnic minority groups. Using a quantitative research approach, data from 150 schools across urban and rural regions were analyzed to identify patterns in disciplinary actions and their impact on academic performance and long-term outcomes. The findings reveal that ethnic minority students face disproportionately harsher disciplinary measures, including suspensions and expulsions, compared to their Han peers. These disparities are more pronounced in rural schools and among students from low socioeconomic backgrounds. Moreover, harsh disciplinary measures correlate with lower academic performance and reduced graduation rates, highlighting the long-term adverse effects of exclusionary practices. This study underscores the intersectionality of ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and gender in shaping disciplinary outcomes, with ethnic minority boys from low-SES backgrounds identified as the most affected group. Recommendations include adopting restorative disciplinary practices, implementing cultural competency training for educators, standardizing policies, and providing targeted support for at-risk students. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies, regional comparisons, and evaluations of alternative disciplinary approaches to address systemic inequities. These findings contribute to the growing discourse on educational equity and provide actionable insights for policymakers and educators striving to create inclusive learning environments in China.</p>2025-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Zhengjie Li, Nor Saidi Mohamed Nasirhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/186Digital Learning and Social Inequality in China: Assessing the Barriers to Access and Engagement in Online Education2025-01-29T15:45:56+00:00Bo Bi54271277@qq.comNadiah Ishaknadiah_ishak@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">This study investigates the barriers to access and engagement in online education in China, focusing on socio-economic and regional disparities. Employing a quantitative research design, data was collected from middle and high school students across urban and rural regions using a structured survey. The findings revealed significant differences in access to digital resources, digital literacy, and parental support, contributing to unequal educational opportunities. Urban students were more likely to have reliable internet, access to devices, and better parental assistance compared to their rural counterparts, who faced challenges such as limited internet connectivity, lack of technological resources, and lower digital literacy. The study highlights that these disparities perpetuate cycles of educational inequality and hinder social mobility, potentially affecting long-term academic and professional outcomes. Addressing these barriers requires a comprehensive approach that includes improving infrastructure, enhancing teacher training, and promoting digital literacy among students and parents. Policy interventions should aim for equitable access to resources, alongside community engagement initiatives to support families. This research provides critical insights for policymakers, educators, and educational institutions seeking to create a more inclusive educational environment and reduce the digital divide in China. Future studies should explore the long-term impacts of digital learning inequalities, evaluate the effectiveness of digital literacy programs, and examine the psychological effects on students’ motivation and well-being. By addressing these challenges, China can take significant steps toward ensuring educational equity and fostering a skilled workforce prepared for the demands of the 21st century.</p>2025-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Bo Bi, Nadiah Ishakhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/187The Role of EdTech in Supporting Personalized Learning in China: Benefits and Challenges in Diverse Educational Settings2025-01-29T16:02:25+00:00Fang Li12671791@qq.comNadiah Ishaknadiah_ishak@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">This study examines the role of educational technology (EdTech) in supporting personalized learning within diverse educational settings in China, focusing on the benefits and challenges faced by urban and rural schools. Using a mixed-methods quantitative approach, the research analyzes data collected through surveys of educators and students, alongside performance metrics. The findings reveal that while urban schools’ benefit from better access to technology, comprehensive training, and higher student engagement, rural schools face significant barriers, including limited infrastructure, inadequate teacher training, and data privacy concerns. These disparities contribute to unequal outcomes, with urban students achieving higher academic performance compared to their rural peers. The study highlights the importance of targeted investments in digital infrastructure, professional development for teachers, and the establishment of robust data protection measures to bridge the digital divide. It emphasizes that the successful implementation of EdTech to support personalized learning requires coordinated efforts among policymakers, educational institutions, and technology providers. Addressing these challenges will be crucial for ensuring that all students, regardless of their region or socioeconomic status, have the opportunity to benefit from EdTech-enhanced personalized learning.</p>2025-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Fang Li, Nadiah Ishakhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/188Exploring the Impact of Virtual Learning Environments on Social Interaction and Academic Performance in China2025-01-29T16:42:08+00:00Na Li812857946@qq.comMohd Yusof Abdullahmyabdullah@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">This study investigates the impact of virtual learning environments (VLEs) on social interaction and academic performance among university students in China. As online education continues to grow in prominence, understanding the factors that influence student success in VLEs is crucial. The research explores the relationship between social interaction (including peer and instructor interactions), self-regulation, technological literacy, and academic performance. A quantitative approach was employed, using a structured questionnaire to collect data from 300 university students. The results reveal that frequent interactions with peers and instructors positively correlate with academic performance. Additionally, self-regulation, including time management, goal setting, and motivation, emerged as significant predictors of academic success. Technological literacy also played a crucial role, with students demonstrating higher digital competence performing better academically. However, the sense of community in virtual environments did not significantly correlate with academic outcomes. The findings suggest that while social interaction and course structure are important, self-regulation and technological skills are pivotal for academic success in virtual learning settings. The study highlights the need for universities to focus on fostering digital literacy and supporting self-regulation to optimize the learning experience in VLEs. These insights have implications for educators and policymakers aiming to enhance online learning experiences and improve student performance in digital education environments.</p>2025-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Na Li, Mohd Yusof Abdullahhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/189Artificial Intelligence and Education in China: Exploring the Future of Personalized Learning and Its Social Implications2025-01-29T17:07:14+00:00Fang Li601040397@qq.comMazni Mohammaddr.mazni@unimel.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">This study explores the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on personalized learning in China, examining its effectiveness in enhancing student performance and engagement across urban and rural schools. AI technologies have revolutionized education by providing tailored learning experiences, identifying individual student needs, and improving overall academic outcomes. However, disparities in access to AI-based tools between urban and rural schools remain a significant challenge. Urban schools, benefiting from advanced infrastructure, demonstrate higher adoption rates of AI tools, leading to better student outcomes. In contrast, rural schools face significant barriers, including limited access to digital infrastructure and insufficient teacher training, exacerbating educational inequalities. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews, to assess the prevalence of AI use in schools, its impact on student performance, and the perceptions of educators and students. Findings suggest that AI-driven personalized learning significantly enhances academic performance and engagement, particularly in urban areas. However, ethical concerns, such as data privacy and algorithmic bias, remain crucial considerations in the implementation of AI systems in education. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for equitable policies that address infrastructure gaps and ensure the ethical deployment of AI technologies. Recommendations for bridging the digital divide, improving teacher readiness, and fostering inclusive AI practices are proposed to ensure that the benefits of AI in education are accessible to all students.</p>2025-01-29T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Fang Li, Mazni Mohammadhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/190Arts Education and Self-Efficacy: Exploring Its Dual Impact on Students' Academic Performance and Emotional Attitudes2025-02-03T16:16:49+00:00MingYu Su385278723@qq.comAyob Adenanadenan.ayob@city.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">With growing attention to the role of arts education in fostering students' academic abilities and emotional development, self-efficacy—a belief in one's ability to complete tasks—has been recognized as a key mediating factor in shaping students' academic performance and emotional attitudes. However, existing studies primarily focus on the direct impact of arts education, with limited exploration of the specific mechanisms of self-efficacy. Theoretical and empirical research on this subject remains insufficient. To address this gap, this study constructs a theoretical model and conducts a literature review to investigate the role of self-efficacy in arts education, particularly in visual arts education. The findings reveal that self-efficacy significantly enhances students' creativity, confidence, and emotional expression, thereby improving their academic performance and emotional regulation abilities. Based on these findings, this paper proposes strategies to enhance students' self-efficacy, providing new theoretical and practical guidance for arts education.</p>2025-02-03T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 MingYu Su, Ayob Adenanhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/191The Impact of Non-cognitive Ability on the Labor Employment Quality in China2025-02-03T16:38:23+00:00Yujun Guo564413688@qq.comAyob Adenanadenan.ayob@city.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">Within the analytical framework of the new human capital theory, this paper delves into the impact of non-cognitive abilities on the quality of employment for workers. The new human capital theory centers on abilities, highlighting the significant role of non-cognitive abilities in the formation of human capital. Non-cognitive abilities, representing dimensions of ability that do not directly engage in cognitive activities but exert a notable influence on their outcomes, encompass attitudes, personality, emotions, and various other aspects. These abilities remain relatively stable in the mid-to-late stages of an individual's life cycle and exert a profound impact on workplace performance. By reviewing relevant literature, this study reveals that non-cognitive abilities have a significant and enduring influence on multiple dimensions of employment quality indicators for workers, particularly income level, unemployment rate, and job satisfaction. Specifically, non-cognitive abilities are not only directly linked to workplace performance but also indirectly affect income level through multiple pathways such as educational attainment, occupational choice, and the accumulation of social capital, with their impact being more stable compared to cognitive abilities. Furthermore, strong non-cognitive abilities can help workers quickly overcome unemployment challenges or avoid the likelihood of unemployment altogether. The level and structure of non-cognitive abilities play a crucial role in the subjective evaluation of employment quality—job satisfaction.</p>2025-02-03T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Yujun Guo, Ayob Adenanhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/193From Confused Reflections to Life Awareness: A Narrative Reconstruction of Death's Significance in the Life World of Higher Education Students2025-02-22T16:34:48+00:00Wang Yanling529483804@qq.comAdenan Ayobadenan.ayob@city.edu.myZulkeflee Yaacobzulkeflee@fbk.upsi.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">This study adopts a narrative research approach to investigate the inner experiences and meaning-making processes of higher education students when confronted with the subject of death. Through in-depth interviews with five participants, the study uncovers the cognitive and emotional progression that higher education students undergo in engaging with death-related topics. This progression spans from initial confusion and avoidance to gradually understanding and accepting death, ultimately leading to an awakening of life’s significance. The findings reveal that discussions about death not only evoke emotional reactions but also facilitate the construction of personal meaning within the narrative of death. This research provides fresh insights into death education and psychological counseling for higher education students, offering practical guidance for the effective implementation of death education initiatives.</p>2025-02-22T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Wang Yanling, Adenan Ayob, Zulkeflee Yaacobhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/196Articulating Inclusion of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education2025-03-03T15:34:17+00:00Yu Caidr.zaheril@city.edu.myZaheril Zainudindr.zaheril@city.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">The inclusion of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) in higher education is revolutionizing teaching, learning, and research processes, presenting new opportunities and challenges to institutions worldwide. This paper explores the multidimensional inclusion of GAI in transforming higher education, with an emphasis on its applications in content development, individualized learning, and academic support systems. By utilizing algorithms capable of producing creative outputs such as text, images, and simulations, GAI enables the automation of administrative processes, increasing efficiency while promoting personalized learning experiences. This paper also looks at how GAI is utilized to enhance traditional pedagogical frameworks, giving educators new tools for curriculum creation and assessment. However, in addition to its potential benefits, GAI inclusion raises important ethical, pedagogical, and technological challenges, such as data privacy, academic integrity, and the digital divide. This paper examines the growing significance of GAI with a review of existing literature, case studies, and expert perspectives, highlighting its potential to alter educational practices while advocating appropriate applications. The findings are intended to provide an exhaustive framework for policymakers, educators, and technology developers to guide the effective and ethical integration of GAI into higher education institutions. Finally, this paper contributes to the discussion of how GAI might improve academic experiences and prepare future generations for a fast-changing technological landscape.</p>2025-03-03T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Yu Cai, Zaheril Zainudinhttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/197Bridging Digital Gaps: Industry-Specific Challenges and Opportunities for Guangxi’s SMEs in Digital Transformation2025-03-12T16:13:32+00:00Keting Deng1061697666@qq.comSimon CM Kwongsimoncmkwong@city.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">This paper explores the challenges and opportunities faced by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Guangxi Province, China, in their journey toward digital transformation. As digital technologies continue to reshape business practices globally, SMEs in China are under increasing pressure to adopt these innovations to remain competitive and enhance operational efficiency. However, digital transformation remains a complex and multifaceted process, particularly for SMEs in less-developed regions such as Guangxi. The study examines industry-specific barriers, opportunities, and strategies in the context of digital transformation, with a particular focus on the manufacturing, hospitality, and retail sectors. Drawing on qualitative data from in-depth interviews with senior management and decision-makers from five SMEs across these industries, the research identifies common obstacles including financial constraints, technological limitations, and a lack of skilled personnel. It also highlights key opportunities such as improved customer engagement, operational efficiency, and the potential for new revenue streams. By situating these findings within the broader literature on digital transformation, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the unique challenges SMEs in Guangxi face and the role of government policies in facilitating digital adoption. The paper concludes with practical recommendations for SMEs and policymakers aimed at overcoming these challenges and accelerating digital transformation in the region.</p>2025-03-12T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Keting Deng, Simon CM Kwonghttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/201Barriers to Digital Transformation in Guangxi’s SMEs: Financial, Technological, and Cultural Challenges2025-03-13T07:34:08+00:00Keting Deng1061697666@qq.comSimon C M Kwongsimoncmkwong@city.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">Digital transformation has become a critical factor for business growth and sustainability in the modern era. However, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Guangxi Province, China, face significant barriers in adopting digital technologies. Despite government initiatives and advancements in technology, many SMEs in the region remain hesitant or unable to embrace digital transformation. This paper examines the financial, technological, organizational, and external challenges hindering digitalization in Guangxi's SMEs, based on qualitative case studies of five representative companies from different industries. The findings reveal that limited financial resources, insufficient technological infrastructure, resistance to change, and inadequate policy support are key factors contributing to the digital transformation dilemma. Practical recommendations for overcoming these barriers and fostering a more conducive digital ecosystem are discussed, emphasizing the importance of tailored approaches for SMEs in less developed regions.</p>2025-03-13T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Keting Deng, Simon C M Kwonghttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/203A Review of Immersive Experiences in Mobile Social Applications 2025-03-18T16:21:47+00:00Fengqin Xufeixue3918@163.comRoznim Mohamad Rasliroznim@meta.upsi.edu.my<p style="text-align: justify;">With the rapid advancement of mobile technology, mobile social applications have become an integral part of daily life. Immersive experiences, as a significant means to enhance user engagement and satisfaction, have garnered substantial attention in recent years. This paper explores the definition, influencing factors, design strategies, and future research directions of immersive experiences in mobile social applications through a systematic review of existing literature. The study finds that immersive experiences can significantly enhance user engagement and satisfaction. However, challenges such as technological limitations, user privacy, and trust still exist. Future research should further optimize immersive experiences through technologies like artificial intelligence and multimodal interaction, thereby improving users' acceptance and usage frequency of mobile social applications.</p>2025-03-18T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Fengqin Xu, Roznim Mohamad Raslihttps://ujssh.com/index.php/ujssh/article/view/194The Influence of Talent Management on Employee Happiness and Job Satisfaction in Emirates Airlines2025-02-26T08:54:29+00:00Alzaabi Sultan Rashed Sultan Jasmohmohdalbadi580@gmail.comAhmad Amri Zainal Adnana.amri@fpe.upsi.edu.myNadratun Nafisah Abdul Wahabnadratun@fpe.upsi.edu.my<p>The most valuable internal resource in an organization is a talented individual. It is a tactic that companies employ to capitalize on the substantial skills of their workers and help HR managers put effective talent acquisition plans into practice. Examining the connections between job satisfaction, employee happiness, and talent management at Emirates Airlines is the goal of this research. The suggested conceptual framework was validated and the postulated links were tested using quantitative methodology. Data was gathered from a sample of 427 employees using a questionnaire. The survey process used a straightforward random sampling technique. SPSS software was used in this study to analyze the data. The findings showed a strong correlation between employee happiness, job satisfaction, and talent management. This study's conclusion demonstrates that companies that put employee happiness first are more likely to experience long-term success in terms of worker satisfaction, enhanced productivity, and improved engagement through talent management.</p>2025-03-28T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2025 Alzaabi Sultan Rashed Sultan Jasmoh, Ahmad Amri Zainal Adnan, Nadratun Nafisah Abdul Wahab